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何谓合同履行的担保?建设工程合同的担保方式主要有哪几种?

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2022-04-02 12:33
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合同履行的担保,是保证合同履行的一项法律制度,使合同当事人全面履行合同及避免因对方违约遭受损失而设定的保证措施。  

建设工程合同的担保方式主要有保证、抵押、定金和留置四种。  

⑴保证是指保证人与债权人约定,当债务人不履行债务时,由保证人按照约定代为履行或代为承担责任的担保方式。保证分为一般保证和连带责任保证。当事人对保证方式没有约定或者约定不明确的,按照连带责任保证承担保证责任。国家机关、事业单位及社会团体不得担当保证人替人担保。  

⑵抵押是指合同当事人一方或者当事人以外的第三人向另一方提供一定的财产作为抵押,以保证合同履行的担保方式。交出财产进行抵押的一方为抵押人,接受财产抵押的一方为抵押权人。当合同当事人一方不履行合同义务时,当事人另一方就有权依照法律规定以抵押物折价或将抵押物变卖,并从中优先受偿。  

⑶定金是指合同签订后,但还没有履行前,当事人一方向另一方支付一定数额的金钱或其它有价代替物,以保证合同履行的担保方式。担保作用体现在:交付定金的一方不履行合同,则无权要求返还定金;收取定金的一方不履行合同,则应双倍返还定金。  

⑷留置是指合同当事人一方依据合同,事先合法占有对方财产,当对方不履行合同时,可对所占有的财产进行留置,并依法将留置财产折价或变卖并从中优先受偿的担保方式。  


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