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南宋郑思肖的纸本( )表现自己坚贞高洁的民族情操。

单选题
2021-09-01 23:37
A、《墨兰图》
B、《竹鹤图》
C、《双鹤图》
D、《溪凫图》
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正确答案
A

试题解析

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明代初期,因太祖朱元璋对南宋院体画风青睐有加,花鸟画大致延续了宋代院体工笔画风格,没有新突破。明宣宗朱瞻基同宋徽宗一样,雅好诗文书画,尤好花鸟画。他在位期间,宫廷画院的花鸟画风格面貌多样,有延续南宋院体花鸟画艳丽典雅风格的工笔重彩画家边文进,有出自北宋徐熙野逸风格的没骨画家孙隆,有笔墨洗练奔放、造型生动的水墨写意画家林良,还有精丽粗健并存、工笔写意兼具的画家吕纪。不过,这些风格面貌大多沿袭宋代花鸟画,并无根本突破。从意境与格调方面看,这时期的花鸟画比宋代院体花鸟画略逊一筹。事实上,明代花鸟画的大突破直到中期以后才出现。 明代中期,文人越来越多地参与花鸟画创作,他们的创作风格一开始就与院体画大相径庭.最有代表性的是吴门画派。吴门画派的成就主要在花鸟画方面,代表人物有兼擅人物、山水、花鸟的“吴门四家”,即沈周、文徵明、唐寅、仇英。沈周与文徵明主要延续宋、元文人画传统,疏简而不放逸:唐寅与仇英主要吸收南宋院体画风,并融入了时代的精神特质,体现了当时的市民趣味。他们的花鸟画在吸收前代大师成果的基础上发展出鲜明的个性特征,在美术史上颇有影响。 严格地说.吴门画派的花鸟画是对前代的延续,并没有开宗立派的意义。【】,到吴门画派的弟子一代,花鸟画在陈淳、陆治、周之冕那里结出了硕果。陈淳早年习元代绘画,后学于文徵明,花鸟、山水兼擅。他将书法和山水画笔法融入花鸟画,运用水墨的干湿浓淡和渗透,巧妙地表现花叶的形态与阴阳向背,简练放逸又不失法度,开写意花鸟一代新风。【】说陈淳的大写意花鸟充分表现了笔墨的特性与画面的形式感,【】徐渭的作品则充分发挥了大写意花鸟托物言志的功能,洗胸中块垒,抒澎湃激情。在绘画语言风格方面,他吸收宋、元文人画及林良、沈周、陈淳的长处,兼融民间画师的优点,同时将自己擅长的狂草笔法融入绘画。在其笔下,梅兰竹石被赋予了他强烈的个性,以狂怪奇崛的姿态傲视万物。他是第一个使用生宣作画的花鸟画家,利用生宣良好的吸水性来控制画面水墨渗化效果,表达特殊韵味。他还以泼墨法作花鸟,用笔墨的纵横捭阖表达自身的愤懑情绪。徐渭开创了大写意花鸟的新体派,八大山人、石涛、扬州八怪、海派乃至齐白石都曾受其影响。他的成就超越了早于他的陈淳,后世将二人并称为“青藤白阳”。 填入文中()处最恰当的一项是()
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