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发电机定子绕组中的负序电流对发电机有什么危害?

问答题
2022-01-05 14:23
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正确答案

发电机转子的旋转方向和旋转速度,与三相正序对称电流所形成的正向旋转磁场的转向和转速一致,即转子的转动与正序旋转磁场之间无相对运动,此即“同步”的概念。当电力系统发生不对称短路或负荷三相不对称时,在发电机定子绕组中就流有负序电流。负序电流的危害:
(1)负序电流在转子中产生附加损耗与发热烧坏转子
该负序电流在发电机气隙中产生反向旋转磁场,它相对于转子来说为2倍的同步转速,因此在转子中就会感应出100Hz的电流,即所谓的倍频电流。该倍频电流主要部分流经转子本体、槽楔和阻尼条,在转子端部附近沿周界方向形成闭合回路,这就使得转子端部、护环内表面、槽楔和小齿接触面等部位局部灼伤,严重时会使护环受热松脱,给发电机造成灾难性的破坏。
(2)负序电流产生附加力矩增加机组振动
发电机三相电流不对称运行时,负序气隙旋转磁场与转子电流之间,正序气隙旋转磁场与定子负序电流之间所产生的频率100Hz交变电磁力矩,将同时作用于转子大轴和定子机座上,引起频率为100Hz的振动,故负序磁场会增加机组的振动,甚至导致金属疲劳和机械损伤。
对于汽轮发电机承受负序电流的能力取决于转子的负序电流发热条件。


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