在计算后张法预应力混凝土梁的正应力时其净截面的几何特性均按换算截面的几何特性计算。

试验员在进行混凝土抗压、抗折试验，请结合实际回答以下问题（多选题）： 进行混凝土抗压试验时，以下（）情况会使所测得的试验值偏大。

试验员在进行混凝土抗压、抗折试验，请结合实际回答以下问题（多选题）： 进行混凝土抗压试验时，以下（）情况会使所测得的试验值偏小。

Every deliberate act of wrongdoing by the master or any of the crew against the ship or cargo，without the authorization or privity of the Shipowner or his agent，is（）.

（）, or drum is used for hauling in or letting out the wires or ropes which will fasten the ship to the shore.

A salvor may be（）the whole or part of the payment due under Salvage Convention to the extent that the salvage operations have become necessary or more difficult because of fault or neglect on his part or if the salvor has been guilty of fraud or other dishonest conduct.

The （） is used for hauling in or letting out the wires or ropes.

Vessels must be（）valid certificate of nationality or certificated of registry or license.

When loading or discharging dry mud or cement，crew members should use goggles and（）.

Effects which are dutiable or subject to prohibitions or restrictions should be declared in （）.

逻辑运算符（AND、NOT、OR）的运算顺序是AND→OR→NOT。

逻辑运算符（AND、NOT、OR）的运算顺序是AND→OR→NOT。