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简述建构主义学习观的主要观点。

问答题
2022-01-11 11:09
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建构主义在学习观上强调学习的主动建构性、社会互动性和情境性三方面。
(1)学习的主动建构性
建构主义认为,学习不是由教师向学生传递知识的过程。学习者不是被动的信息吸收者,而是主动的信息建构者。
(2)学习的社会互动性
建构主义强调,学习是通过对某种社会文化的参与而内化相关的知识和技能、掌握有关工具的过程,这一过程常常通过一个学习共同体的合作互动来完成。所谓学习共同体是由学习者及其助学者(包括教师、专家、辅导者等)共同构成的团体,他们彼此之间经常在学习过程中进行沟通交流,分享各种学习资源,共同完成一定的学习任务,因而在成员之间形成了相互影响、相互促进的人际联系,形成了一定的规范和文化。
(3)学习的情境性
学习的情境性强调学习、知识和技能的情境性,认为知识是不可能脱离活动情境而抽象存在的,学习应该与情境化的社会实践活动结合起来。


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