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维也纳会议

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2022-03-02 19:30
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维也纳会议1814-1815年间,战胜拿破仑帝国的欧洲各国,派代表在维也纳召开会议。会议由俄、英、普、奥四大国操纵,经过争吵和讨价还价,最后决定:恢复欧洲旧的统治秩序;限制法国,保证欧洲均势,按照大国的意志重新划分欧洲版图;分割海外殖民地,英国夺得了许多原属法国的海外殖民地,进一步确立了世界殖民霸主地位;继续维护德意志和意大利的分裂局面。维也纳会议确定的欧洲统治秩序和国家体系称为维也纳体系。维也纳体系是欧洲专制君主们企图采用的高压手段,维护封建统治秩序的体现;它反对社会进步,任意践踏弱小民族的利益,是一种历史的反动。在维也纳体系下,各国常用召开会议的办法来解决国际间的争端,客观上促使近代国际关系进入了一个新的时代。

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