高层建筑的外荷载有竖向荷载和水平荷载。竖向荷载包括自重等（）及使用荷载等（）。水平荷载主要考虑风荷载和地震作用。

作用在桩上的水平荷载有（）。

作用于拱坝上水平拱圈的荷载有（）

OR指令的作用是: 。( )

结构上的荷载有永久荷载和可变荷载两类。

Every deliberate act of wrongdoing by the master or any of the crew against the ship or cargo，without the authorization or privity of the Shipowner or his agent，is（）.

（）, or drum is used for hauling in or letting out the wires or ropes which will fasten the ship to the shore.

A salvor may be（）the whole or part of the payment due under Salvage Convention to the extent that the salvage operations have become necessary or more difficult because of fault or neglect on his part or if the salvor has been guilty of fraud or other dishonest conduct.

The （） is used for hauling in or letting out the wires or ropes.

Vessels must be（）valid certificate of nationality or certificated of registry or license.

逻辑运算符（AND、NOT、OR）的运算顺序是AND→OR→NOT。

逻辑运算符（AND、NOT、OR）的运算顺序是AND→OR→NOT。