（） are individuals and organizations that are actively involved in the project, or whose interests may be affected as a result of project execution or project completion.

Every transaction in electronic commerce includes information flow, commercial flow, _______ and material flow. 

After completing a commercial transaction, （） will execute the transfer of goods from the seller to the buyer in the most-effective manner.

Immediately after adding a new disk to or removing an existing disk from an ASM instance, you find that the performance of the database goes down initially until the time the addition or removal process is completed, and then gradually becomes normal.
Which two activities would you perform to maintain a consistent performance of the database while adding or removing disks?（）