首页/ 题库 / [单选题]原因不明的颈部淋巴结肿大,为明确诊断和进的答案

原因不明的颈部淋巴结肿大,为明确诊断和进行鉴别诊断,主要的检查是()。

单选题
2022-03-15 23:58
A、X线胸片、甲状腺核素扫描
B、鼻咽部、喉部检查
C、淋巴结活检
D、血常规、血沉
E、以上都是
查看答案

正确答案
E

试题解析
颈部淋巴结肿大是临床各科最常见的病症,也是病理科最常检查、诊断的病变之一。颈部淋巴结肿大的原因十分复杂,有时即使行组织切片检查,也难以获得明确诊断。引起颈部淋巴结肿大的原因包括3个方面,即感染、肿瘤及其他因素。感染因素:细菌性--牙、扁桃体、面部或头皮细菌感染,结核,梅毒,猫抓病,莱姆病;病毒性--疱疹性口炎,传染性单核细胞增多症,HIV感染(AIDS病);寄生虫:弓形体病;原因不明:皮肤黏膜淋巴结综合征(川崎病)、亚急性坏死性淋巴结炎(菊池病)。肿瘤因素:原发性一霍奇金病,非霍奇金淋巴瘤,白细胞特别是淋巴细胞型白血病;继发性一口腔、唾液腺或鼻咽部转移性肿瘤,恶性黑色素瘤,尤因肉瘤,其他间叶肿瘤。其他因素:结节病,窦性组织细胞增多症,血管滤泡增生(包括Castleman病、伴嗜酸性粒细胞的血管淋巴样增生即木村病及相关疾病),药物反应等。故为明确诊断和进行鉴别诊断,需要行X线胸片、甲状腺核素扫描、鼻咽部、喉部检查、淋巴结活检和血常规、血沉等全面检查。故答案应选E。

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