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零件的切削加工过程一般可分为哪几个阶段?各加工阶段的主要任务是什么?划分加工阶段有什么作用?

问答题
2022-03-16 05:18
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正确答案
工艺过程按加工性质和目的的不同可划分为下列几个阶段:
1)粗加工阶段。其主要任务是切除毛坯的大部分加工余量,因此,此阶段的主要目标是提高生产率。
2)半精加工阶段。其任务是减小粗加工后留下来的误差和表面缺陷层,使被加工表面达到一定的精度,并为主要表面的精加工做好准备,同时完成一些次要表面的最后加工。
3)精加工阶段。其任务是各主要表面经加工后达到图样的全部技术要求,因此,此阶段的主要目标是全面保证加工质量。
4)光整加工阶段。对于零件上精度和表面粗糙度要求很高的表面,应安排光整加工阶段。其主要任务是减小表面粗糙度或进一步提高尺寸精度,一般不用于纠正形状误差和位置误差。
划分加工阶段的作用是有利于消除或减小变形对加工精度的影响,可尽早发现毛坯的缺陷,有利于合理选择和使用设备,有利于合理组织生产和安排工艺。

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