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试论述地下水对土木工程的影响。

问答题
2022-04-02 12:17
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正确答案

答:(1)由于水的浸泡、软化作用易导致岩土体的重度增加,抗剪强度降低,引起崩塌、滑坡等不良地质现象的发生;地下水位上升,使道路产生翻浆冒泥,地下水位下降引起地基的不均匀沉降导致上部结构的变形或破坏,沿海地区还可能造成海水入侵引起水质恶化;

2)由于水的渗透,易产生流沙和潜蚀现象;

3)若为承压水可能会引起基底隆起,同时地下水还具有浮托力对基础或空心结构物影响较大;当水量较大时,对基坑开挖、隧道施工会带来麻烦;由于地下水具有静、动水压力,故会影响到支挡结构的稳定性;同时当地下水具有侵蚀性时还会对混凝土产生腐蚀。


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