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试述孔子对中国教育的贡献。

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2022-04-02 14:34
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孔子是全世界公认的伟大思想家和教育家。
他首先提出教育在社会发展和人的发展中的重要作用,强调重视教育;他创办规模较大的私学,开私人讲学之风,改变“学在官府”的局面,成为百家争鸣的先驱;实行“有教无类”的方针,扩大受教育的范围,使文化教育下移到平民;培养从政君子,提倡“学而优则仕”,为封建官僚制的政治改革准备条件;重视古代文化的继承和整理,编撰《诗》、《书》、《礼》、《乐》、《易》、《春秋》作为教材,保存了中国古代文化;总结教育实践经验,对教学方法有新的创造,强调学思行结合的教育理论;首倡启发式教育,发展学生的思维能力;实行因材施教,发挥个人特长,造就各类人才;他重视道德教育,以仁为最高的道德准则,鼓励人们提高道德水平;提出道德修养应遵循的重要原则,要重视立志,明确人生的前进方向,力求走在中庸之道上,要自觉进行思想检查,改过迁善;要求教师具有良好的职业道德,学而不厌,诲人不倦,以身作则;他认真总结教育经验,提出了不少创见,成为中华民族珍贵的教育遗产,产生重大的历史影响。

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