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如何理解按劳分配与按生产要素分配相结合?

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2022-05-23 07:41
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实行按劳分配与按生产要素分配相结合,是社会主义市场经济的客观要求,也是社会主义市场经济收入分配制度的一个重要特点。按劳分配,是社会主义制度在收入分配关系上的一个体现,按生产要素分配则体现了市场经济的一般原则。
1.按劳分配与按要素分配相结合是收入分配的劳动标准与所有权标准相结合。按劳分配是公有制经济中通行的分配原则,其实质就是以劳动为尺度进行收入的分配,劳动者取得的收入与其提供的劳动量成比例。按要素分配中通行的则是所有权标准,要素所有者依据其对生产要素的所有权参与收入分配,显然,这种情况下的收入分配就是以所有权为标准,在要素所有者之间进行的分配。
2.按劳分配与按要素分配相结合是按劳分配的实现形式与按要素分配的实现形式相结合。在社会主义市场经济条件下,由于各种生产条件的分配都要通过市场来进行,要素价格的决定与收入的分配联系在一起,因此按劳分配和按生产要素分配都要借助于价格机制来实现。在社会主义初级阶段,实行按劳分配与按要素分配相结合,使得社会成员能够通过提供劳动和物质生产要素参与收入分配,不仅有助于调动劳动者和生产要素所有者的积极性,促进劳动的积累和资本积累,而且有利于生产要素的有效合理利用,促进其使用效率的提高。

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