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秦朝的徒刑有哪些?

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2022-06-19 12:15
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正确答案
秦朝的刑罚原则主要包括以下四个方面:
(1)对犯罪人的刑事责任能力和主观要件加以区分,作为定罪量刑法定依据。首先,秦律规定以身高作为确定刑事责任能力的标准,男子身高六尺五寸为成年,女子六尺二寸为成年,未成年人犯罪不负刑事责任。其次,把有无犯罪意识作为认定罪与非罪的依据,缺乏认识要件的一般不予论罪。再次,区分故意和过失,故意犯罪和过失犯罪构成不同的罪名,故意犯罪所受处罚较重。
(2)对一些具备法定情节的犯罪加重处罚。教唆犯与实行犯同罪,教唆未成年人犯罪加重处罚;累犯加重处罚;五人以上聚众犯罪构成集团犯罪,加重处罚。
(3)对一些具备法定情节的犯罪减轻或免于刑事处罚。秦律称自首为“自出”,犯罪以后能够自首的,可以减免刑罚;犯罪以后能够消除危害后果的,可以减免刑罚。
(4)秦朝实行广泛的连坐,无罪者因与犯罪人有亲属关系、邻伍关系或职务关系而牵连入罪;还实行诬告反坐,对诬告者处以所诬告他人之罪的刑罚。

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