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试述人民代表大会监督的特征。

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2022-07-11 20:59
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正确答案

1.人大监督的实质就是人民监督。人民代表大会作为国家最高权力机关,自始至终向人民群众负责,接受人民群众的监督,并代表人民群众的意愿行使职权。
2.人大监督是代表国家进行监督,是具有法律效力的监督,是我国监督体系中最具权威的监督。各级人大在本级政权组织体系中居于最高的地位,有权查处各种违宪、违法案件,保障国家宪法和法律的贯彻实施,保障人民当家作主的民主权利不受侵犯。
3.人民代表大会监督方式是民主集中制。一方面,它的民主制表现为:
1.人民代表大会由人民以直接或间接的方式选举产生,它是人民民主意志的体现。
2.人民代表大会的权力来自人民,它是代表人民行使国家权力的全权机关。由此全国人民代表大会有权决定国家的一切重大事务,地方各级人民代表大会有决定本地区重大事务的权力
3.人民代表大会工作中实行民主制。在讨论和决定任何问题时,充分发扬民主,不是少数人说了算。
4.依法对国家机关和各级政府实施监督和检查,对犯错误的行为有权纠正。同时人民代表大会又接受人民群众的监督检查,从而保证了人民群众的真正当家作主。
另一方面,它的集中制表现为:
1.人民代表大会内部实行少数服从多数原则。
2.人大制定的法律和决议各级国家机关必须服从,任何团体和个人都必须无条件服从。
3.全国人民代表大会常务委员会对于各地方人民代表大会通过的不适当的决议和法规有权撤销。
4.人民代表大会监督是执政党监督的体现。我国宪法确认了中国共产党对国家生活的领导地位,党的领导当然也包括对人民代表大会及其常委会的领导,人民代表大会监督也是执政党监督的体现。
5.人民代表大会监督有助于扼制腐败的发生和蔓延。人大要依法听取和审议一府两院的工作报告,可以进行质询和询问,并且可以对专门的问题进行特别调查。对于各种违宪、违法案件,可以根据不同的情况,分别督促有关单位进行查处;提出纠正意见,要求有关单位予以改正;或者直接作出具有约束力的处理违宪、违法案件的决定。从而有助于扼制权钱交易等腐败现象的发生和蔓延。
6.人民代表大会监督有利于促进和完善人大自身建设。人大依法履行法律监督职能,对于自身的立法工作具有重要的作用。


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