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肢体骨折正、侧位片

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2021-09-02 22:01
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正确答案

骨折是骨骼发生断裂,骨的连续性中断,骨骺分离也属骨折。骨折以长骨骨折和脊椎骨折常见。骨折的断裂面多不整齐,骨折线在X线片上呈不规则的透明线,在骨皮质显示清楚,在骨松质则表现为骨小梁中断、扭曲、错位。骨折线应与骨滋养动脉影及骺线区别。当中心X线通过骨折断面时,则骨折线显示清楚,部分骨折看不到骨折线。
根据骨折的程度可分为完全性和不完全性;根据骨折线的形状和走向,可将骨折分为线形、星形、横行、斜行和螺旋形骨折;根据骨碎片情况可分为撕脱性、嵌入性和粉碎性骨折。骨折断端可发生移位,确定移位,在长骨以骨折近段为准,借以判断骨折远段的移位方向和程度。骨折端还可有成角(下图)。


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