患者，男，52岁，发现左颈部包块3个月伴声音嘶哑，饮水反呛，无痛，不发热，无明显头痛、耳鸣、记忆力下降等不适。检查见左颈部，胸锁乳突肌前缘上份包块，直径约3．0cm，可活动，但活动度差，无触痛。听诊可闻及收缩期杂音及感到与脉搏一致的膨胀性搏动，压迫颈总动脉近端后，搏动及杂音减弱。追问病史，曾于半年前车祸中伤及颈部，但只是挫伤，局部未经特殊治疗而愈。本例最可能的诊断是（）。 -题库考试答案搜索网

患者，男，52岁，发现左颈部包块3个月伴声音嘶哑，饮水反呛，无痛，不发热，无明显头痛、耳鸣、记忆力下降等不适。检查见左颈部，胸锁乳突肌前缘上份包块，直径约3．0cm，可活动，但活动度差，无触痛。听诊可闻及收缩期杂音及感到与脉搏一致的膨胀性搏动，压迫颈总动脉近端后，搏动及杂音减弱。追问病史，曾于半年前车祸中伤及颈部，但只是挫伤，局部未经特殊治疗而愈。本例最可能的诊断是（）。

单选题

2021-09-05 14:58

A、颈动脉体瘤
B、颈静脉球体瘤
C、颈夹层动脉瘤
D、颈真性动脉瘤
E、颈假性动脉瘤

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正确答案

试题解析

颈动脉瘤由各种原因导致颈动脉壁变薄，在血流压力作用下膨大、扩张而形成动脉瘤。并分为真性动脉瘤、假性动脉瘤及夹层动脉瘤3类。其中，真性动脉瘤多由动脉硬化引起，假性动脉瘤多由创伤引起。颈动脉瘤的临床表现主要为颈部包块，若是颈内动脉或颈总动脉瘤，则可发生脑供血不足的一系列症状，轻者头痛、头昏，重者偏瘫。压迫神经可出现相应症状。于肿瘤表面可闻及血管杂音并能感到与脉搏一至的搏动，阻断近端血管其杂音和搏动都减轻。本例有明确外伤史，包块有杂音及搏动，阻断近端血管体征减轻皆提示诊断，其声音嘶哑及饮水呛咳为瘤体压迫迷走神经所致。

标签：颈部血管性疾病耳鼻咽喉科主治医师头颈部习题集

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