首页/ 题库 / [问答题]《混凝土规范》的3.3.2条指出,"受弯的答案

《混凝土规范》的3.3.2条指出,"受弯构件的最大挠度应按荷载效应的标准组合并考虑荷载长期作用影响进行计算",这个"考虑荷载长期作用影响"到底是怎样考虑的?

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2021-09-18 02:34
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正确答案

依据结构力学知识,梁的最大挠度计算公式为,式中,l0为计算跨度,M为梁的最大弯矩,EI为抗弯刚度,S为与荷载类型、支承条件有关的系数,例如,均布荷载作用下的简支梁,S=5/48。对于钢筋混凝土梁,由于其抗弯刚度在开裂之后不再是常数,不但随弯矩增大而减小,而且,由于混凝土的收缩徐变性质,随时间的增长抗弯刚度也会降低。依据《混凝土规范》,将按照标准组合得到的弯矩记作M,按照准永久组合得到的弯矩记作M,短期刚度记作B。M可以认为是一种长期作用,随时间变化不大,因此这一部分产生的弯矩需要乘以挠度增大系数θ,(M-M)这一部分产生短期挠度,不必增大,于是,受弯构件的长期挠度可以按照下式计算:若将上式只采用M表达,写成,则需要有下式成立:可见,在《混凝土规范》中,是利用刚度B考虑长期作用影响的。《公路混凝土规范》中的处理与上述不同:先利用短期刚度求出短期挠度f,然后将f乘以挠度长期增长系数ηθ得到长期挠度。这种做法更容易看出是如何考虑长期作用影响的。若以《混凝土规范》中的符号来表示挠度放大系数,可得以M代替了M(《公路混凝土规范》中采用频遇组合作为短期效应组合,而非标准组合),以M2代替了M(单纯是符号不同),就成为《公路混凝土规范》6.5.3条条文说明中的公式6-20。可见,两本规范的做法本质上相同。


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