我国秘书学科对民间秘书和私人秘书的探讨始于（）

申状，为（）始设，沿用至（）的上行公文文种。至清朝，更名为“（）”。

Every deliberate act of wrongdoing by the master or any of the crew against the ship or cargo，without the authorization or privity of the Shipowner or his agent，is（）.

（）, or drum is used for hauling in or letting out the wires or ropes which will fasten the ship to the shore.

A salvor may be（）the whole or part of the payment due under Salvage Convention to the extent that the salvage operations have become necessary or more difficult because of fault or neglect on his part or if the salvor has been guilty of fraud or other dishonest conduct.

The （） is used for hauling in or letting out the wires or ropes.

Vessels must be（）valid certificate of nationality or certificated of registry or license.

我国现行宪法是82年宪法，至今已经由四个修正案。

逻辑运算符（AND、NOT、OR）的运算顺序是AND→OR→NOT。

黎族人是古代（）族的一支，唐末称“黎”，宋代固定下来沿用至今。

“儿歌”这一名称广泛使用沿用至今，是在（）.

逻辑运算符（AND、NOT、OR）的运算顺序是AND→OR→NOT。