把秘书分为文字秘书、调研秘书、会务秘书、技术秘书的分类标准是（）。

以秘书的工作职责来划分，主要有机要秘书，（），文字秘书，信访秘书，事务秘书，外事秘书等。

把秘书分为党政秘书、企业秘书、外事秘书等属于（）

以个性特征与能力划分，秘书可分为（）型秘书、秀才型秘书，公关型秘书和办事型秘书。

秘书是秘书学理论的（）起点。

秘书实务应属于秘书学的（）

Every deliberate act of wrongdoing by the master or any of the crew against the ship or cargo，without the authorization or privity of the Shipowner or his agent，is（）.

（）, or drum is used for hauling in or letting out the wires or ropes which will fasten the ship to the shore.

A salvor may be（）the whole or part of the payment due under Salvage Convention to the extent that the salvage operations have become necessary or more difficult because of fault or neglect on his part or if the salvor has been guilty of fraud or other dishonest conduct.

逻辑运算符（AND、NOT、OR）的运算顺序是AND→OR→NOT。

简述同秘书学交叉综合的学科的主要方面。

逻辑运算符（AND、NOT、OR）的运算顺序是AND→OR→NOT。