The wholesale price of this coat is $20 and the（）price for it is $28.

Water transport is the（） way of shipping bulk and low price goods.

The president (or head) of the House of Lords in Britain is （）

Whenever visible traces of oil are observed on or below the surface of the water in the immediate vicinity of ship or its wake，Governments of Parties to the Convention should，to the extent they are reasonably able to do so，promptly（）the facts bearing on the issue of whether there has been a violation of the provisions of this Regulation or Regulation 10 of this Annex of MARPOL 73/78.

Every deliberate act of wrongdoing by the master or any of the crew against the ship or cargo，without the authorization or privity of the Shipowner or his agent，is（）.

The（）may examine or re-examine the goods or take samples from them straightaway in the absence of the consignee or the consignor whenever it considers this necessary.

A copy of the Articles of Agreement，less the signatures，is required to be posted. This document is called the（）.

A copy of the Articles of Agreement，less the names，is required to be posted. This document is called the（）.

nder the law of competition, the employer of thousands is forced into the strictest economies, among which the rates paid to labor figure prominently. The price which society pays for t he law, like the price it pays for cheap comforts and luxuries, is great, but the advantages of this law are also greater than its cost—for it is to this law that we owe our wonderful material development, which brings improved conditions in its train. But, whether the law be benign or not, we cannot evade it；or the effect of any new substitutes for it proposed We can not be sure: and while the law may be sometimes hard for the individual, it is best for the race, because it insures the survival of the fittest in every department. We accept and welcome, therefore. as conditions to which we must accommodate ourselves, great inequality of environment；the concentration of business, industrial and commercial, in the hands of a few；and the law of competition between these, as being not only beneficial, but essential to the future progress of the race.

Directions:In this section, there is one passage followed by 5 questions. Read the passage carefully, then answer the questions in a maximum of 10 words. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.　　Questions 1-5 are based on the following passage.　　Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return? Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March, the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel, up from less than $10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock, when prices quadrupled, and 1979-1980, when they also almost tripled. Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline. So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?　　The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports. Strengthening economic growth, at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere, could push the price higher still in the short term.　　Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s. In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s. In Europe, taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price, so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.　　Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were, and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price. Energy conservation, a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption. Software, consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production. For each dollar of GDP (in constant prices) rich economies now use nearly 50% less oil than in 1973. The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that, if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year, compared with $13 in 1998, this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.5% of GDP. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand, oil-importing emerging economies—to which heavy industry has shifted—have become more energy-intensive, and so could be more seriously squeezed.　　One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that, unlike the rises in the 1970s, it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand. A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline. The economist’s commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago. In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%, and in 1979 by almost 30%.　　Questions:　　1．What is the main reason for the latest rise of oil price?　　2．What are the results of the 1970s’ oil shock?　　3．It can be inferred from the text that the retail price of petrol will go up dramatically if ________.　　4．According to the passage, reduction in oil consumption is due to ________, a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries.　　5．According to the passage, compared with those in the 1970s, oil-price shocks are ________ now.

●A (68) is a feature of the system or adescription of something the system is capable of doing in order to fulfill the system's purpose.