哪位史学家在他的史学著作中提出人类历史上出现了20多种自成体系的伟大文明？

两汉时期产生的重要史学著作有：《史记》、（）.

蔡和森的史学著作是（）.

（）是针对历史学研究大量引入社会科学的方法，偏离了历史学的本位而产生的。

Every deliberate act of wrongdoing by the master or any of the crew against the ship or cargo，without the authorization or privity of the Shipowner or his agent，is（）.

（）, or drum is used for hauling in or letting out the wires or ropes which will fasten the ship to the shore.

A salvor may be（）the whole or part of the payment due under Salvage Convention to the extent that the salvage operations have become necessary or more difficult because of fault or neglect on his part or if the salvor has been guilty of fraud or other dishonest conduct.

历史学的概论性著作就具有的目的（）

逻辑运算符（AND、NOT、OR）的运算顺序是AND→OR→NOT。

简述社会文化历史学派的基本观点。或：社会文化历史学派有什么重要特征？

逻辑运算符（AND、NOT、OR）的运算顺序是AND→OR→NOT。

湘学之集大成者张栻的史学著作是（）.