（）是认证制度的基础，标准水平越高，被认证的产品的质量水平越高。

我国目前的产品质量认证分为（  ），并实行“自愿认证和强制认证相结合”的认证管理制度

国家根据国际通用的质量管理标准，推行企业（）认证制度。国家参照国际先进的产品标准和技术要求，推行（）认证制度。

目前我国各种强制性产品认证的统一标志是（）。

Every deliberate act of wrongdoing by the master or any of the crew against the ship or cargo，without the authorization or privity of the Shipowner or his agent，is（）.

（）, or drum is used for hauling in or letting out the wires or ropes which will fasten the ship to the shore.

A salvor may be（）the whole or part of the payment due under Salvage Convention to the extent that the salvage operations have become necessary or more difficult because of fault or neglect on his part or if the salvor has been guilty of fraud or other dishonest conduct.

The （） is used for hauling in or letting out the wires or ropes.

Vessels must be（）valid certificate of nationality or certificated of registry or license.

逻辑运算符（AND、NOT、OR）的运算顺序是AND→OR→NOT。

企业获准质量管理体系标准认证的有效期一般为几年？认证机构对认证合格单位进行定期监督性现场检查多长时间一次？

逻辑运算符（AND、NOT、OR）的运算顺序是AND→OR→NOT。