Every deliberate act of wrongdoing by the master or any of the crew against the ship or cargo，without the authorization or privity of the Shipowner or his agent，is（）.

（）, or drum is used for hauling in or letting out the wires or ropes which will fasten the ship to the shore.

A salvor may be（）the whole or part of the payment due under Salvage Convention to the extent that the salvage operations have become necessary or more difficult because of fault or neglect on his part or if the salvor has been guilty of fraud or other dishonest conduct.

The （） is used for hauling in or letting out the wires or ropes.

Vessels must be（）valid certificate of nationality or certificated of registry or license.

软营销与强势营销的根本区别在于：软营销的主动方是消费者，而强势营销的主动方是企业。

直接构成消费者生存的空间条件，可以促进或限制某些消费活动的进行，对消费者的消费行为有明显影响的外部环境因素是（）。

逻辑运算符（AND、NOT、OR）的运算顺序是AND→OR→NOT。

逻辑运算符（AND、NOT、OR）的运算顺序是AND→OR→NOT。

如何理解文学消费的主动性与受动性？

生产观念和产品观念阶段，消费者的消费表现出很大的被动性，原因在于（　　）。

软营销与强势营销的根本区别在于：软营销的主动方是消费者，而强势营销的主动方是企业。