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试论述地下水对工程的影响有哪些?

问答题
2022-03-12 17:54
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正确答案

地下水对工程的影响:
1.在土木工程建筑地基内有水活动,容易造成施工中突然涌水事故的发生,而且对建筑物的稳定性也有很大影响。
2.在松散沉积层中进行深基础施工时,若降水不当,会使周围地基土层产生固结沉降,轻者造成邻近建筑物或地下管线的不均匀沉降;重者使建筑物基础下的土体颗粒流失,甚至掏空,导致建筑物开裂和危及安全作用。
3.地下水容易造成流砂现象,流砂在工程施工中能造成大量的土体流动,致使地表塌陷或建筑物的地基破坏,能给施工带来很大困难,或直接影响建筑工程及附近建筑物的稳定。
4.地下水还易发生潜蚀作用,从而对建筑工程产生影响;
5.地下水还易产生浮托作用,从而对建筑物产生影响;
6.地下水还易产生基坑突涌,从而对建筑工程产生影响;
7.地下水对钢筋混凝土还有腐蚀作用,从而对建筑工程造成影响。
此外,水对工程的影响是多方面的,比如对岩体质量的影响和对黄土的湿陷性影响等,对粘土造成膨胀等,应在工程中详细分析,总之,水对工程具有很不利的影响。


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