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简述提单的种类。

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2022-01-01 10:49
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正确答案

《海商法》规定:提单,是指用以证明海上货物运输合同和货物已经由承运人接收或者装船,以及承运人保证据以交付货物的单证。提单可以分为:
(1)已装船提单与收货待运提单。这是以货物是否实际装船为分类标准的。
(2)记名提单、指示提单与不记名提单。这是以提单上由托运人填写的收货人一栏中的抬头为标准的。记名提单不能以背书转让,不可流通,银行一般不接受记名提单作为议付货款的单据,因而在国际贸易中很少使用。指示提单凭托运人的指示可以转让,在国际贸易中经常使用。不记名提单不需背书,只要一经交付就可以转让,因此风险很大,在国际贸易中并不经常使用。
(3)清洁提单与不清洁提单。这是以承运人在提单上是否对货物的外在状况进行不良批注为划分标准的。一般来说,买方和银行都不愿接受不清洁提单。
此外,提单根据运输方式还可分为直达提单与转船提单、海运提单与联运提单等。


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