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何为钢材的应力集中?

问答题
2022-01-02 07:06
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正确答案

钢材的标准拉伸试验是采用经过机械加工的光滑圆形或板状试件,在轴心拉力作用下试件截面应力分布均匀。而实际钢结构的构件中常有孔洞、缺口等,致使构件截面突然改变。在荷载作用下,这些截面突变处的某些部位(孔洞边缘或缺口尖端等处)将产生局部高峰应力,其余部位应力比较低而且分布极不均匀,这种现象称为钢材的应力集中。


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