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元音的音质由哪些方面的音素决定的?举例说明。

问答题
2022-01-02 07:19
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正确答案

元音的不同是共鸣腔的不同形状造成的。共鸣腔里面最主要的是口腔,一般元音的差别正是决定于口腔的不同形状。
元音的音质就是由舌位的前后、舌位的高低、嘴唇的圆展三个方面的因素决定的。
舌位是指发音时舌头的隆起点的位置。舌头前部隆起,就是舌位前,舌头后部隆起,就是舌位后。舌位的高低是指舌头隆起点与上腭之间的距离而言的,口腔开口度越小,舌头隆起点离上腭越近,舌位就越高;反之,口腔开口度越大,舌头的隆起点离上腭越远,舌位就越低。嘴唇的圆展是指发元音时双唇是撮成圆形还是自然展开。


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