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大流士改革

名词解释题
2022-01-02 18:52
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波斯帝国国王加强中央集权制的改革。大流士取得王位后,公元前522年成功镇压了高墨达暴动;其后进行了大规模的对外征服战争,建立了古代世界第一个地跨亚非欧的大帝国,为了巩固波斯帝国及个人专制统治,大流士进行了系列的改革。
其主要内容有:一、将帝国划分为诸多行省,行省必须向帝国交纳赋税;设总督治理行省,总督拥有行省的行政、司法和税收等大权;二、将帝国划分为5个军区,各军区将领由国王任命,军区将领与总督互不统属,直接对国王负责;三、统一货币,金币铸权归属中央,地方行省可铸银币;四、建立驿道制度,以便传达国王命令和下情上达;五、把琐罗亚斯德教,即袄教或拜火教,奉为国教。改革实现了加强君主专制中央集权的目的,巩固了波斯帝国的统治,有利于社会的稳定、经济的发展和文化的交流,此后波斯帝国愈加强盛,其创立的系列制度也为后世帝国所继承。


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标签: 世界史 历史学
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