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德礼政刑

名词解释题
2022-01-03 06:46
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德、礼、政、刑,即德治、教化、政令、刑罚,是封建统治阶级治理国家的主要方法,最早由儒家创始人孔丘提出。孔子认为政刑的作用是有限的,只有德治、教化才是根本的治国方法,他首先提出重德轻刑、以德去刑的主张。西汉董仲舒以“天人合一”的神学目的论为基础,论证了“大德小刑”、“德主刑辅”的原理,成为封建正统法理思想的一个重要理论支柱。南宋朱熹把这一原理根植于唯心主义理学,认为德礼政刑在本质上是一致的,都统一与封建道德伦理规范。丘睿针对理论与实践脱节的矛盾,提出德主刑辅、明刑弼教的德刑关系说,使传统的“德主刑辅”说更为全面和系统。

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