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西蒙关于理性的论述。

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2022-01-05 10:28
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西蒙给理性做了一个相当广泛的定义,该理性的定义,加上了两项要求,即恰当的行动是实上是经过选择的,决策程序具有有效性,以及局限性,相应的,西蒙将理性定义为,用评价行为后果的某个价值体系去选择令人满意的备选的行为方案,此外,西蒙邮箱里,兴趣分为客观理性和主观理性,有意识的理性和深思熟虑的理性,以及个人理性和组织理性,在他看来,客观理性知道一定特定环境中将特定的价值最大化的正确行为。主观理性是将相对于决策者实际知识的,价值达到最大化。有意识的理性是对于手段和目的的,有意识的调整,但在这一调整在本质上,也可能是无意识的。深思熟虑的理性是对目的和手段的有意识的调整,但在这一调整在本质上,也可能是非常深思熟虑的组织理性,只在完成组织目标,而个人理性则旨在达成个人目标。简言之,西蒙描述的一个理性连续体是以知识的不完整为基础的,非意识和非深思熟虑的调节手段,以适应目的,另一端则相反,当然大多数的行为,介于中间。


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