首页/ 题库 / [问答题]什么是古文字?什么是古文字学?简述古文字的答案

什么是古文字?什么是古文字学?简述古文字学的独立过程和重要著作。

问答题
2022-01-10 07:54
查看答案

正确答案

古文字,指小篆以前的文字,具体包括甲古文、金文、陶文、大篆、小篆,还包括秦汉时期的缣帛文字。
古文字学是以古文字为研究对象的汉字学分支。
我国自宋代以来,就有金石学的研究,金石学虽然涉及到古文字,但它以金石为主要研究对象,其中的古文字并未成为专门的研究对象。自19世纪末以来,随着甲骨文的发现与金文、陶文、玉石文字和简帛文字等材料的陆续发现,与学者治学方法的现代化,使它从金石学中独立出来,科学的古文字学得以建立,迅速成为汉字学中一门独立的学科。在20世纪初到20世纪80年代,对于古文字的研究重点,主要是资料的搜集、整理、刊布文字和考释。20世纪80年代后,对于古文字的研究则主要是成果的汇集、理论阐释、古文字学史与古文字学知识的推广和应用。这一时期出现了一批结集前人研究成果的集大成著作。于省吾、姚孝遂主编的《甲骨文字诂林》1-4册,是甲骨文字考释的集大成之作。金文研究在资料汇编方面有:罗振玉《三代吉金文存》、于省吾《商周金文录遗》,还有中国科学院考古研究所编《美帝国主义劫掠的我国殷周青铜器集录》(1963),收青铜器照片845件,铭文500多件。这三部书大体包括了1950年之前流传于世的金文资料。另有徐仲舒主编《商周金文集录》(1984),收解放后新出土的铜器铭文九百七十三件。邱德修《商周金文集成》。台湾严一萍编《金文总集》艺文印书馆1983。这是一部集中前人研究成果,带有总结集成性的著作。在金文考释方面,主要有:吴闿生《吉金文录》(1933)、柯昌济《金文分域编》(1929)。汇集各家考释的有周法高主编《金文诂林》,香港中文大学出版社 1975年出版。《金文诂林附录》香港中文大学1977年出版。《金文诂林补》台北中央研究院历史语言研究所1981年出版。日本白川静《金文通释》(1962—1984年)已出五十六辑之多,在考释方面亦可谓集大成之作。中国社会科学院考古研究所王世民、陈公柔等先生,在夏鼐先生的指导下集体编纂而成的《殷周金文集成》,是一部收录金文著录的最为重要的著作。中国社会科学院考古研究所《殷周金文集成释文》则是对《集成》文字的考释。《睡虎地秦墓竹简》,集中了学术界对秦简文字的考释意见。高明编著《古陶文汇编》,是迄今收录陶文资料最为丰富的总集,代表陶文著录的最高成就。


试题解析

相关题目
boost的意思是:help or encourage to increase or improve
eloquent的意思是:fluent or persuasive in speaking or writing

A campus emergency ______ occur at any time of the day or night, weekend, or holiday, with little or no warning.

A cabinet or space containing the controls or valves for the fixed firefighting system must be().
A cabinet or space containing the controls or valves for the fixed firefighting system must be().
阅读下面的句子并选择正确的汉语翻译。 目:1 Having a healthy snack on hand, like a granola bar or fruit can help your blood sugar levels and may provide a healthy boost of energy回答 2 Instead of sending an email to your co-worker, walk to her desk or just take the stairs today, even though youre tired回答 3 Moreover, these people may be friends or strangers — people of your own age, or people who are younger or older than you回答 4 People in different countries have different ideas of what sounds friendly, polite or sincere — and of what sounds rude or unfriendly!回答 选项:
什么叫ORS?如何配制?如何使用?
举例说明什么是网络语言发展中的补位、过滤、虚位和挤位?(参见张斌主编《现代汉语专题》中央广播电视大学出版社2008年6月第1版第274-277页)
考试科目为“导游知识专题”和“汉语言文学知识”是()的考核方式。
Mainly east 3 or 4 partly cloudy to overcast occasional rain()slowly south moderate or good.
()any case or suspected case of quarantinable disease,or any case of eruptive disease or any death be discovered,the local quarantine officer must be notified immediately.
Should any case or suspected case of quarantinable disease,or any case of eruptive disease or any death be discovered,the local Quarantine Officer must be()immediately.
Masters are()solely responsible for all damages or accidents of whatever kind resulting from the navigating or handling of their vessels by day or by night.
If he is a common carrier,he is absolutely responsible to the owner of the goods carried ()any loss or damage to them unless caused by an Act of God or the Queen’s enemies,or the inherent vice in the goods themselves,or the negligence of the owner of the goods,or a general average sacrifice.
系统中雷达状态包括Unknown、Operational(or ON)、Failed(or OFF)、Detached。
Owners are to be responsible for loss of or damage to the goods or delay in delivery of the goods only in case the loss,damage or delay has been caused by the improper or negligent stowage of the goods.This means that().
The carrier is liable for loss of or damage to the goods or delay in delivery caused by fire,()the claimant proves that the fire arose from fault or neglect on the part of the carrier,his servants or agents.
Shutdown price(or point,or rule) 停业价格(或停业点、停业原则)
翻译:With Average or With Particular Average(WA or WPA)()
()shall be liable for loss of and damage to the Vessel and/or goods arising or resulting from inaccuracies in stating the description,quantity,weight,measurement or contents.
广告位招租WX:84302438

免费的网站请分享给朋友吧