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谈谈你对马斯洛需要层次论的理解。

问答题
2022-01-12 08:36
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正确答案
需要层次论的基木特征是将人类需要理解为一个复杂的、等级式的系统,故称为需要层次理沦,马斯洛将需要分为生理需要、安全需要、归属和爱的需要.尊重的需要和自我实现的需要等五个自低向高的需要层次.正确理解马斯洛的需要层次理论应特别注意两点:首先是需要的满足是人类行为最基本的原则;其次是需要层次间的动态关系.在管理学界,对需要层次论的争论非常多,这些大都以批评为主,但需要层次理论在人类行为规律及其激励研究方面是有着重要贡献的.这主要表现在: (l)它揭示了需要在人类行为中的根本性作用和层次结构(2)它探讨了各需要层次间的动态关系(3)简单实用.同时,需要层次论也对我们有启示:首先要善于运用有针对性的激励措施,需要层次论告诉我们,激励措施只有“投其所需”才有激励作用.其次是要善于运用多样化的,特别是非物质的激励措施.人的需要本来就是多层次的,满足需要的手段当然也就是多种多样的,高层次的需要尤其如此。

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