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简述地震形成的“弹性回跳”理论。

问答题
2022-01-13 00:45
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正确答案
在一定的条件下,岩石具有刚性,而且位于地下的岩石恒处于某种构造“力”的作用之下。岩石受力达一定程度就要发生变形,包括体积和形态的改变。作用力的强度一旦超过了岩石强度,岩石就要破裂,或断裂,或错位。变形的前期属于弹性变形,岩石在弹性变形阶段,变形量是逐渐加强的,而岩石由弹性变形发展到破裂是突变的和快速的。变形的岩石通过破裂将已积累的“应力”迅速释放出来,然后,岩块“弹回”到原来的位置,遂引起弹性振动。这就是地震形成的“弹性回跳”理论。

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