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预应力损失包括哪些?如何减少各项预应力损失值?

问答题
2022-01-18 16:16
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正确答案

预应力损失包括:
①锚具变形和钢筋内缩引起的预应力损失。可通过选择变形小锚具或增加台座长度、少用垫板等措施减小该项预应力损失;
②预应力钢筋与孔道壁之间的摩擦引起的预应力损失。可通过两端张拉或超张拉减小该项预应力损失;
③预应力钢筋与承受拉力设备之间的温度差引起的预应力损失。可通过二次升温措施减小该项预应力损失;
④预应力钢筋松弛引起的预应力损失。可通过超张拉减小该项预应力损失;
⑤混凝土收缩、徐变引起的预应力损失。可通过减小水泥用量、降低水灰比、保证密实性、加强养互等措施减小该项预应力损失;
⑥螺旋式预应力钢筋构件,由于混凝土局部受挤压引起的预应力损失。为减小该损失可适当增大构件直径。


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