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简介两汉今古文经学之争。

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2022-02-23 21:08
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汉文帝时,伏胜授隶书《尚书》,今文经学起,五经博士讲授的也是今文,武帝“罢黜百家,独尊儒术”,因儒术选官,今文大盛;儒术并非儒学,董仲舒等皆有术而无学。武帝末年,孔壁书出,古文经学兴起,乃有今古文之争。今文经学重实用、守家法、传微言大义。以儒术缘饰现实政治;古文重理论、探源流、穷本来面目。
今文经学以儒术缘饰现实政治,儒术并非儒学,因此今文大家董仲舒等皆有术而无学。古文经学以探究典籍本来意义为己任,因此注重文字考释,力图恢复古代典籍和典章制度的原貌。西汉古文经学的重要代表是孔安国,东汉是贾逵、许慎、马融、服虔等,许慎著《说文解字》,是古文字学的重要著作。东汉末年,郑玄兼采今古文,遍注群经,合两家之法,创一家之言,成为两汉经学的集大成者。


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