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结合史实,论述抗日救亡运动的特点和作用。

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2022-02-24 19:02
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(1)抗日救亡运动与整个抗日战争相始终,并因政局和战局的变化呈现出明显的阶段性和阶段性特点。从运动的行为方式来看,七七事变前多属于民众自发行为或政党行为,如1931年九一八事变后,各地工人、学生在中国共产党领导下,纷纷举行罢工、罢课,向国民党政府请愿和示威游行,反对不抵抗政策。一二八事变后,上海工人、农民、学生积极支援十九路军抵抗日本侵略军。民族资产阶级和上层小资产阶级积极要求国民党政府改变政策。各地人民还组织“抗日救国会”等团体,募捐支援抗日军队和开展抵制日货等。1935年华北事变后,中共提出停止内战、一致抗日的主张,领导了一二九运动,使抗日救亡斗争发展成为全国规模的群众运动。而七七事变后则转变为被国民政府认可、参与的政府行为。从运动的形式和规模来看.七七事变前的多为请愿、示威等具有相当规模的个体运动;七七事变以后则发展为具有很大规模的整体运动。
(2)作用:七七事变前的抗日救亡运动有力地打击了国民党和国民政府的不抵抗政策,敦促其对日政策的调整和改变,驱使其最终走上抗战的道路;七七事变后的抗日救亡运动则坚定了国民政府的抗战信心.动员和激励了全国军民的抗战热情和胜利信念。


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