试述语言获得的阶段与语言获得的理论。 -题库考试答案搜索网

试述语言获得的阶段与语言获得的理论。

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2022-03-03 11:52

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正确答案

语言获得的阶段：语言的获得和发展是人类个体发展过程中一个重要的条件。婴儿由一个生物学上的个体转换为社会中的一员，
语言起到了非常重要的作用。儿童语言的获得是一个从简单到复杂的建构语言获得的理论：
（一）后天学习论。这类学说强调后天学习的作用，认为语言获得是后天模仿、学习强化和纠正的结果。
（二）先天因素说。与后天学习理论截然不同，语言学家乔姆斯基认为，个体语言的获得，主要是由个体的先天因素决定的。他提出了一个语言能力获得的公式：最初的语言材料-语言获得装置-语法能力。他还指出，人类的语言分为两个层次：语言表现和语言能力。语言能力是天生的，由LAD获取，语言表现是以前者为基础在后天的环境中学习的。由于有了先天的语言能力，我们才能够学会所听到的任何一种语言的特定语法。

试题解析

标签：国家开放大学(心理学)

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