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商鞅变法

名词解释题
2022-03-05 11:37
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是战国时期商鞅在秦国进行的一场政治经济改革。其措施有:在法律上承认井田制的崩溃和土地私有的合法化,促进了封建地主土地所有制的形成,取消奴隶主贵族的经济特权,解放了生产力,是秦国封建化进程中的决定性步骤;按照军功授爵,培植了一批新兴地主阶级,取消旧贵族世袭的政治特权;废除分封制,建立郡县制,实行中央集权;重农抑商,奖励耕织,禁止弃农从商,鼓励开荒,任其所耕,不限多少,以增加封建国家的收入,促进小农经济的发展,对从事工商或闲懒贫困之人收入官府为奴;统一秦国度量衡,统一赋税,便于收租。
意义是:变法加强了中央管理,是秦国由奴隶制向封建制转化过程中的一场阶级大搏斗,巩固了地主阶级的统治地位,使秦国废除奴隶制,封建经济得到了发展,军队的战斗力不断加强,并逐渐成为七国中实力最强的国家,为秦统一六国创造了条件,商鞅变法是通过变革提高国家管理水平的一个范例。


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