首页/ 题库 / [问答题]理想气体从 p1 绝热膨胀至 p2 时,的答案

理想气体从 p1 绝热膨胀至 p2 时, W =Δ U ,绝热膨胀时若外压为零则 W = 0 ,Δ U = 0 ;若外压不为零则Δ U ≠ 0 。以上两Δ U 不相等与 U 为状态函数的性质是否矛盾?

问答题
2022-04-02 13:17
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正确答案
不矛盾。在本例中,从同一始态出发进行绝热膨胀,若外压不同则终态是不可能相同的。因此Δ U 亦不会相同。若外压不等于零时,系统的内能要消耗一部分用以转化为功,同时系统的温度要下降;当外压等于零时,系统不对外做功,不消耗内能故Δ U = 0 ,同时系统的温度也不变。.

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