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简述人文主义教育思想的基本主张和特征

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2022-04-02 13:41
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正确答案
人文主义教育思想是在文艺复兴时期形成和发展起来的,其影响久远。人文主义教育思想在不同的发展时期的基本主张及特征如下: 文艺复兴前期,比较重视以古典语言和古典学科为中心的教育活动,并把宗教教育作为人文主义教育的重要内容。 文艺复兴后期,比较重视教育的世俗性和贴近现实生活,强调教育应培养新人。 宗教改革时期的新教教育继承和发展了文艺复兴时期的人文主义教育思想,也比较注重教育世俗性,但它更强调教育的群众性和普及性。当然,新教提出的普及教育主张是以宗教教育为中心的。 宗教改革后出现的唯实主义教育思想也是人文主义教育思想的继承和发展。这种思想更加注重现实生活,注重提高人的地位,强调教育应按照人的自然发展顺序进行,强调教学过程应当运用新知识和新方法,洋溢着一种入世、求实的现实主义精神,反映了社会进步对教育的客观要求。 人文主义教育思想的形成促进了古典人文学科的发展;人的发展和世俗利益成为教育关注的内容;奠定了近代教育思想的基础,近代的自然主义、国家主义等教育思想都可以在这里找到思想渊源。

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