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针对我国教育结构与产业结构适应性存在的问题,论述如何进行教育结构的改革和调整。

问答题
2022-04-02 13:49
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正确答案
答:经济部门的产业结构不仅制约着教育专业结构和类别结构,而且要求教育专业结构和类别结构与之相适应;为它服务。目前我国在处理两者关系上仍然存在许多问题,需要随着经济、科技、教育体制改革,逐步加以解决。其主要存在的问题是:
(1)经济部门的产业结构排列顺序与教育系统的专业结构排列顺序有矛盾。
(2)教育系统内部专业结构不合理,专业设置比例失调,严重影响着对外部产业结构的适应能力。具体体现在两个方面:理工科与文科比例失调;农、林、政法、商业、金融、财会、管理等专业和类别比例过小,不仅学校网点少,而且专业网点也少。
(3)此外,中等专业学校和高等学校还存在着专业划分过细过窄,专业学科陈旧,新兴专业和学科薄弱等问题。
针对上述存在的各种问题和比例失调情况,在教育结构改革和调整中应该进行这样几项工作:
(1)依据国民经济长远发展规划、社会主义市场经济体制改革目标、产业结构变革趋势以及科学技术发展方向进行专业学科体系结构的科学预测,尽快建立起适应于市场经济体制和产业结构变革需要的专业学科体系。
(2)依据我国今后经济发展的战略重点是农业、能源、交通、教育和科学的需要,逐步调整和改革目前教育的类别结构、专业结构和学科结构,逐步建立起与农轻重产业结构相适应,重点向战略重点部门输送人才的专业学科体系和结构。
(3)打破传统的专业模式,增加新兴的专业学科,使学科结构、课程内容向着更加现代化的方向发展,力争把现代科学技术的最新成就充实到学科体系和教学内容中去。
【解析】解答此论述题,首先需要阐述教育结构与产业结构适应性存在的问题有哪些。在此基础上,针对存在的问题,提出进行教育结构改革和调整的策略和方法。需要结合实践进行展开论证,要求有理有据,言之成理。

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