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简述会计核算的基本前提。

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2022-04-02 20:56
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正确答案
会计核算的基本前提也称会计假设,是对会计领域里某些无法正确加以证论的事物,根据客观的、正常的发展趋势所作的合乎事理的前提推断。会计核算的基本前提包括会计主体、持续经营、会计分期、货币计量四个方面。
会计主体是指会计为之服务的对象。凡是实行独立核算的单位均为会计主体。会计主体对会计核算范围从空间上进行了有效的界定。
持续经营是指假定会计主体的经济活动是无限期地持续下去,在可以预见的将来,不会面临破产和清算。持续经营对会计核算进行了时间上的界定。
会计分期是从持续经营假设引申出来的,是持续经营的客观要求。企业的经营活动从时间上来看是连续不断的,但会计为了定期确定损益和编制财务报表,及时为使用者提供信息,就必须人为地将持续不断的经营过程划分成若干期间。
货币计量,用货币来反映一切经济业务是会计核算的基本特征。确认一项事物是否属于会计范畴,必须首先衡量该事物能否用货币计量。货币计量是会计核算的一个重要前提条件。 货币计量实际上是对经济活动进行货币估价,而货币估价的习惯做法是以历史成本计价。

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