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简述焊接连接的优缺点

问答题
2022-04-02 22:12
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正确答案
优点是:
(1) 不需要在钢板上打孔钻眼,既省工省时,又不使材料的截面积受到减损,使材料得到充分利用;(2) 任何形状的构件都可直接连接,一般不需要辅助零件。连接构造简单,传力路线短,适用面广;(3) 焊接连接的气密性和水密性都较好,结构刚度也较大,结构的整体性好。
缺点是:(1) 由于高温作用在焊缝附近形成热影响区,钢材的金相组织和机械性能发生变化,材质变脆;(2) 焊接残余应力使结构发生脆性破坏的可能性增大,并降低压杆稳定承载力,同时残余变形还会使构件尺寸和形状发生变化,矫正费工;(3) 焊接结构具有连续性,局部裂缝一经产生便很容易扩展到整体。

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