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冬虫夏草

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2022-04-21 10:13
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麦角菌科真菌,一种药用菌。在西藏、四川、青海这些高原地区,有一种名叫虫草菌的真菌,它的子囊孢子成熟后,随风飘扬,散落土中。高原地区又有一种名叫蝙蝠蛾的昆虫,它的幼虫在土壤中蛰居过冬。虫草菌的孢子遇到蝙蝠蛾的幼虫,便钻入体中,萌发成菌丝体,吸收幼虫体内的营养,把它的“五脏六腑”消耗得一干二净,菌丝体也就充满整个虫体。表面看来,蝙蝠蛾幼虫仍然是一条虫的样子,实际上只是一个僵尸的空壳。到了夏季,冰冻的表层土壤消融,土壤温度升高,菌丝体穿通虫壳,破土而出,长成一条真菌的子座,看起来有些象草。冬虫夏草有补肺益肾、增强免疫力和抗肿瘤作用。另外还有茯苓、猴头等都是名贵的中药材。

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