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域名系统的主要功能是什么?域名系统中的本地域名服务器、根域名服务器、顶级域名服务器以及权限域名权服务器有何区别?

问答题
2022-04-29 18:42
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正确答案
域名系统的主要功能:将域名解析为主机能识别的IP地址。
因特网上的域名服务器系统也是按照域名的层次来安排的。每一个域名服务器都只对域名体系中的一部分进行管辖。共有三种不同类型的域名服务器。即本地域名服务器、根域名服务器、授权域名服务器。当一个本地域名服务器不能立即回答某个主机的查询时,该本地域名服务器就以DNS客户的身份向某一个根域名服务器查询。若根域名服务器有被查询主机的信息,就发送DNS回答报文给本地域名服务器,然后本地域名服务器再
回答发起查询的主机。但当根域名服务器没有被查询的主机的信息时,它一定知道某个保存有被查询的主机名字映射的授权域名服务器的IP地址。通常根域名服务器用来管辖顶级域。根域名服务器并不直接对顶级域下面所属的所有的域名进行转换,但它一定能够找到下面的所有二级域名的域名服务器。每一个主机都必须在授权域名服务器处注册登记。通常,一个主机的授权域名服务器就是它的主机ISP的一个域名服务器。授权域名服务器总是能够将其管辖的主机名转换为该主机的IP地址。因特网允许各个单位根据本单位的具体情况将本域名划分为若干个域名服务器管辖区。一般就在各管辖区中设置相应的授权域名服务器。

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