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简述清代的朝审与秋审。

问答题
2022-06-11 11:34
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正确答案
朝审、秋审是由明代的朝审发展而来。
秋审始于顺治年间,完善于雍正年间。秋审为中央各部院长官会同复审各省上报的斩、绞监候的审判制度。秋审前各省督抚先行复审,并提出情实、缓决、可矜、可疑、留养承祀五种意见。8月间中央各部院长官会审复审,经皇帝批准情实者则于霜降后,冬至前处死;缓决者关押,等待下一年秋审,若经三次秋审定为缓决则可免死;可矜者减等发落;可疑者驳回原省复审;留养承祀即对独生子或祖父母、父母无人奉养的死刑犯,免死改为重杖一顿,枷号示众3个月。
朝审是由中央各部院长官会同复审刑部的在押斩、绞监候罪犯。朝审开始的时间晚于秋审,经朝审后拟定情实、缓决、可矜、留养承祀四种处理意见,报皇帝批准。
对大部分斩、绞监候罪犯,秋审、朝审一般会作出缓决以下的处理。

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