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nuclear pore complexs,NPCs (核孔复合物)

名词解释题
2022-06-21 14:01
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核被膜上有许多孔,称为核孔(nuclear  pore),是细胞核膜上沟通核质与胞质的开口,由内外两层膜的局部融合所形成,核孔的直径为80~120nm。核孔是以一组蛋白质颗粒以特定的方式排布形成的结构,它可以从核膜上分离出来,被称为核孔复合物。
NPC是一轮形结构,外经120nm,并呈现8面对称。轮毂是一个圆柱形的活塞(plug),称之为中央运输蛋白(central   transporter)。从中央运输蛋白向外伸出8个轮辐(spoke)并与核孔复合物的细胞核面的核质环(nucleoplamicring)和细胞质面的胞质环(cytoplasmic   ring)相连。在胞质环的表面常有8个细胞质颗粒位于其上,而核质环上有细纤丝伸向核质,形成笼形结构,称之为篮。在某些生物中,NPC篮常同一种交织的纤维层相连,称之为核被网格(nuclear   envelope    lattice)。


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