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试述赫兹伯格的“激励-保健理论”。

问答题
2022-06-23 15:35
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赫兹伯格研究人们感到很满意和很不满意时都处于什么情境,就此归纳出影响工作态度的因素。传统的观念认为满意的反面是不满。但赫兹伯格指出,满意与不满并不是或此或彼、二择一的关系。那些令人不满的因素虽然被去除,并不一定就令人满意。而一些令人满意的因素即使不存在,也不一定就使人不满。换句话说,满意的反面是没有满意,不满的反面是没有不满。赫兹伯格分析发现:成就感、别人的认同、工作、职责、进步、个人成长等因素同工作满足有关,被称作为激励因子。赫兹伯格区别出了两种因素,告诉人们,让人满意和防止人不满是两回事,需要从两方面入手。提供保健因子,只能防止牢骚,消除不满,却不一定能激励员工。


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