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四等人制

名词解释题
2022-08-08 22:14
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四等人制,元朝实行的民族等级制度。元朝建立后,蒙古人作为统治民族列为第一等级。其次根据所征服地区民族的时序,又依次分为色目人、汉人、南人三个等级。色目意为各色名目,泛指西北各族、西域及欧洲来华的各族人。汉人指原金朝统治下的汉人、女真、契丹、渤海等族及南宋灭亡前归附的云南、四川的汉族人。南人指原南宋治下的人民,包括江浙、江西、湖广行省与河南江北行省南部各族。四等人的政治待遇有所区别,在任职、科举、刑律等方面,均有不同的待遇。


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